Cast Iron: How to Recognize It, Its Properties, Uses, and Market Price in UAE
Cast iron is a widely used material in industries such as construction, automotive, plumbing, and cookware manufacturing. It is known for its strength, durability, and ability to retain heat. In this article, we will explain how to recognize it, how it differs from steel and other types of iron, give some common examples, and provide an estimate of its price in the UAE
Both as new and cast iron scrap is mostly known as Gray Iron, Ductile Iron (SG Iron), Malleable Iron, and White Iron—each varies by strength, use, and structure.
Definition
Iron Cast is a type of iron alloy that contains between 2% and 4% carbon, along with small amounts of silicon, manganese, and other elements. It is made by melting iron and pouring it into molds. Once cooled, it becomes very hard and strong but also brittle. This means it can withstand heavy pressure but can break or crack if dropped or struck.
How to Recognize cast iron?
You can identify it by observing, this iron usually has a dark gray to black color with a rough, grainy texture. It feels heavier than metals like aluminum and tends to crack or break when dropped rather than bending.
When tapped, it produces a dull sound instead of a ringing tone. It is magnetic, as are most iron-based metals. During a spark test, it gives off short red sparks, unlike steel which produces long white sparks.
Cast Iron Properties
| Property | Description |
|---|---|
| Carbon Content | 2% to 4% |
| Strength | High compressive strength |
| Ductility | Low (brittle, breaks under tension) |
| Machinability | Moderate to good |
| Heat Retention | Excellent (ideal for cookware) |
| Corrosion Resistance | Moderate (can rust if not coated or painted) |
Types and Examples
Gray iron is the most commonly used type, found in items like engine blocks, machine bases, cookware, and drain covers due to its excellent machinability and vibration damping. White iron cast is extremely hard and wear-resistant, making it ideal for heavy-duty industrial parts such as grinding balls, mill liners, and machinery components.
Ductile, also known as nodular iron, is strong yet slightly flexible, commonly used in automotive parts, water pipes, and gears. Malleable iron is made by heat-treating white iron and is tough and ductile, making it suitable for pipe fittings, brackets, and clamps.
Comparison with other Forms of Iron and Steel
| Cast Iron | Steel | Wrought Iron |
|---|---|---|
| Carbon Content: 2–4% | Carbon Content: Less than 2% | Less than 0.08% Carbon Content |
| Flexibility Low (brittle) | Flexibility High | Flexibility High |
| Strength High compressive | Strength High tensile | Strength High tensile |
| Rust Resistance: Moderate | Rust Resistance: Good (if alloyed) | Moderate Rust Resistance |
| Process: Cast in molds | Process: Rolled or forged | Process: Forged and welded |
| Common Use: Cookware, motors | Common Use: Construction, tools | Common Use: Decorative ironwork |
Where is Cast Iron Commonly Found?
This is commonly found in Old engines and motors which often contain large amounts of this metal due to its durability and heat resistance. Plumbing systems and manhole covers are commonly made from cast metals because of its strength and long-lasting performance under pressure.
Cookware, like frying pans and pots, is popular for its excellent heat retention and even cooking. Antique railings, gates, and fences were frequently crafted from cast iron for their sturdy build and decorative appearance. Additionally, many heavy-duty machines and structural components use cast iron because it handles stress and wear over time without deforming easily.
Cast Iron Price in the UAE (2025 Estimate)
Prices may vary based on the quality, quantity, and demand, but current average rates are:
| Type | Price (AED per kg) |
|---|---|
| New Cast-Metal | AED 4.00 – 7.00 |
| Scrap Cast-Iron | AED 0.80 – 1.50 |
It is recommended to check with local scrap yards or metal suppliers for updated and bulk prices.
Conclusion
It is a durable, heat-resistant metal used in a wide range of industries. Although it is brittle, its strength and affordability make it an ideal material for heavy machinery parts, cookware, and piping. By understanding its properties and how it differs from other metals like steel and wrought iron, buyers and sellers can make better decisions, especially in the recycling and scrap market.
If you are involved in construction, manufacturing, or metal recycling in the UAE, being able to recognize and evaluate the cast material accurately can help reduce costs and increase efficiency.
Disclaimer:Prices mentioned are approximate and may vary based on location, market demand, and condition of the material. Always verify current rates with local dealers or suppliers before making any transaction.